Azadi, P., Otomo, J., Hatano, H., Oshima, Y. & Farnood, R. Interactions of supported nickel and nickel oxide catalysts with methane and steam at high temperatures. Chem. Eng. Sci. 66, 4196–4202 (2011).
Google Scholar
Zhou, K., Zhang, L. & Yang, Z. Carbon emission reduction assessment of hydrogen fuel cell buses: A case study of Guangdong, China. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 222, 154299 (2026).
Google Scholar
Itoh, M., Masuda, M. & Machida, K. Hydrogen Generation by Ammonia Cracking with Iron Metal-Rare Earth Oxide Composite Catalyst. Mater. Trans. 43, 2763–2767 (2002).
Google Scholar
Lima, S. M. D. & Assaf, J. M. Synthesis and Characterization of LaNiO3, LaNi(1-x)FexO3 and LaNi(1-x)CoxO3 Perovskite Oxides for Catalysis Application. Mat. Res. 5, 329–335 (2002).
Google Scholar
Krishnamurthy, N. Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths (Taylor & Francis Group, 2015).
Binnemans, K. & Jones, P. T. Rare Earths and the Balance Problem. J. Sustain. Metall. 1, 29–38 (2015).
Google Scholar
Alonso, E. et al. Evaluating Rare Earth Element Availability: A Case with Revolutionary Demand from Clean Technologies. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 3406–3414 (2012).
Google Scholar
Haeussler, A., Abanades, S., Julbe, A., Jouannaux, J. & Cartoixa, B. Solar thermochemical fuel production from H2O and CO2 splitting via two-step redox cycling of reticulated porous ceria structures integrated in a monolithic cavity-type reactor. Energy 201, 117649 (2020).
Google Scholar
Oliveira, F. A. C. et al. High performance cork-templated ceria for solar thermochemical hydrogen production via two-step water-splitting cycles. Sustainable Energy Fuels. 4, 3077–3089 (2020).
Google Scholar
Naghavi, S. S. et al. Giant onsite electronic entropy enhances the performance of ceria for water splitting. Nat. Commun. 8, 285 (2017).
Google Scholar
Wallace, W. E., Karlicek, R. F. & Imamura, H. Mechanism of hydrogen absorption by lanthanum-nickel (LaNi5). J. Phys. Chem. 83, 1708–1712 (1979).
Google Scholar
Joubert, J. M., Paul-Boncour, V., Cuevas, F., Zhang, J. & Latroche, M. LaNi5 related AB5 compounds: Structure, properties and applications. J. Alloys Compd. 862, 158163 (2021).
Google Scholar
Lu, J. et al. Weakening the metal-support strong interaction to enhance catalytic performances of alumina supported Ni-based catalysts for producing hydrogen. Appl. Catal. B. 263, 118177 (2020).
Google Scholar
Younis, M. N., Malaibari, Z. O., Ahmad, W. & Ahmed, S. Hydrogen Production through Steam Reforming of Diesel over Highly Efficient Promoted Ni/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts Containing Lanthanide Series (La, Ce, Eu, Pr, and Gd) Promoters. Energy Fuels. 32, 7054–7065 (2018).
Google Scholar
Wang, Y. et al. Effect of Pr addition on the properties of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts with an application in the autothermal reforming of methane. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 39, 778–787 (2014).
Google Scholar
Ilanchezhiyan, P. et al. Neodymium (Nd) based oxide perovskite nanostructures for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting functions. Environ. Res. 197, 111128 (2021).
Google Scholar
Akay, Ö. et al. Magnetically induced convection enhances water electrolysis in microgravity. Nat. Chem. 17, 1673–1679 (2025).
Google Scholar
Chen, X. et al. The influence of samarium (Sm) on the discharge and electrochemical behaviors of the magnesium alloy AZ80 as an anode for the Mg-air battery. Electrochim. Acta. 348, 136315 (2020).
Google Scholar
Ahmad, I., Shukrullah, S., Naz, M. Y., Ahmed, E. & Ahmad, M. Rare earth metals co-doped ZnO/CNTs composite as high performance photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water_triethanolmine mixture. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 47, 9283–9294 (2022).
Google Scholar
Park, J. et al. Template-assisted electroplating of Sm-Co composite nanowires: Issue of boric acid additive via R-D process. Appl. Surf. Sci. 635, 157710 (2023).
Google Scholar
Lee, H., Park, Y. K. & Jung, S. C. Preparation of N and Eu doped TiO2 using plasma in liquid process and its photocatalytic degradation activity for diclofenac. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 2080–2088 (2022).
Google Scholar
Cerrato, E., Gaggero, E., Calza, P. & Paganini, M. C. The role of Cerium, Europium and Erbium doped TiO2 photocatalysts in water treatment: A mini-review. Chem. Eng. J. Adv. 10, 100268 (2022).
Google Scholar
Xochihua Juan, J. L. et al. TiO2 doped with europium (Eu): Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance on pesticide degradation under solar irradiation. Catal. Today. 394–396, 304–313 (2022).
Google Scholar
Qin, L. et al. Gd-Co nanosheet arrays coated on N-doped carbon spheres as cathode catalyst in photosynthetic microalgae microbial fuel cells. Sci. Total Environ. 849, 157711 (2022).
Google Scholar
Al-Fatesh, A. S. et al. CO2 reforming of CH4: Effect of Gd as promoter for Ni supported over MCM-41 as catalyst. Renew. Energy. 140, 658–667 (2019).
Google Scholar
Tanaka, A., Teramura, K., Hosokawa, S., Kominami, H. & Tanaka, T. Visible light-induced water splitting in an aqueous suspension of a plasmonic Au/TiO2 photocatalyst with metal co-catalysts. Chem. Sci. 8, 2574–2580 (2017).
Google Scholar
Zeng, D., He, F. & Li, Y. Construction of terbium oxide/polymer carbon nitride heterojunction for boosting photocatalytic overall water splitting without cocatalyst. Appl. Catal. A. 650, 118986 (2023).
Google Scholar
Li, R. et al. Achieving overall water splitting using titanium dioxide-based photocatalysts of different phases. Energy Environ. Sci. 8, 2377–2382 (2015).
Google Scholar
Wang, Z. et al. Rapid preparation of terbium-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles and their enhanced photocatalytic performance. R Soc. open. sci. 6, 191077 (2019).
Google Scholar
Berger, C. A., Arkhipova, M., Maas, G. & Jacob, T. Dysprosium electrodeposition from a hexaalkylguanidinium-based ionic liquid. Nanoscale 8, 13997–14003 (2016).
Google Scholar
Fu, K. et al. Experimental study and thermodynamic assessment of the dysprosium-hydrogen binary system. J. Alloys Compd. 696, 60–66 (2017).
Google Scholar
Chzhan, V. B. et al. Magnetocaloric properties of hydrogenated Gd, Tb and Dy. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 470, 41–45 (2019).
Google Scholar
Tereshina, I. S. et al. Influence of substitutions and hydrogenation on the structural and magnetic properties of (R’R’’)2Fe17 (R’, R’’ = Sm, Er, Ho): Compositions with promising fundamental characteristics. J. Alloys Compd. 897, 163228 (2022).
Google Scholar
Ding, Z. et al. Mechanism of hydrogen storage on Fe3B. Chem. Commun. 56, 14235–14238 (2020).
Google Scholar
Xiao, C. et al. Effect of Ho Substitution on Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Nd-Pr-Fe-B Alloys. Metals 12, 1922 (2022).
Google Scholar
Ding, Z., Li, H. & Shaw, L. New insights into the solid-state hydrogen storage of nanostructured LiBH4-MgH2 system. Chem. Eng. J. 385, 123856 (2020).
Google Scholar
Acar, C. & Dincer, I. The potential role of hydrogen as a sustainable transportation fuel to combat global warming. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 45, 3396–3406 (2020).
Google Scholar
Han, C. et al. Low-Temperature CH4 Reforming and Water Splitting with Activated NiO/CeO2 as Oxygen Carrier. Nano-Micro Lett. 18, 285 (2026).
Google Scholar
Machreki, M. et al. A Composite of Hematite and Cerium-Doped Metal–Organic Framework for Stable Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 9, 896–908 (2026).
Google Scholar
Zhang, H. et al. Cerium-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution/Reduction Reactions: Progress and Perspectives. Nanomaterials 13, 1921 (2023).
Google Scholar
Goto, K., Hirata, T., Yamamoto, I. & Nakao, W. Suitability Evaluation of LaNi5 as Hydrogen-Storage-Alloy Actuator by In-Situ Displacement Measurement during Hydrogen Pressure Change. Molecules 24, 2420 (2019).
Google Scholar
Strozi, R. B., Ivanisenko, J., Koudriachova, N. & Huot, J. Effect of HPT on the First Hydrogenation of LaNi5 Metal Hydride. Energies 14, 6710 (2021).
Google Scholar
Fiorio, J. L. et al. Nanoengineering of Catalysts for Enhanced Hydrogen Production. Hydrogen 3, 218–254 (2022).
Google Scholar
Cao, X. et al. Promotional Effects of Rare-Earth Praseodymium (Pr) Modification over MCM-41 for Methyl Mercaptan Catalytic Decomposition. Processes 9, 400 (2021).
Google Scholar
Honkura, Y., Mishima, C., Hamada, N., Drazic, G. & Gutfleisch, O. Texture memory effect of Nd–Fe–B during hydrogen treatment. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 290–291, 1282–1285 (2005).
Google Scholar
Turek, K., Liszkowski, P. & Figiel, H. The influence of the kinetics of the hydrogenation of Nd–Fe–B alloys on hydrogen distribution in the alloy phases. J. Alloys Compd. 309, 239–243 (2000).
Google Scholar
Macchi, S. et al. Recent Advancements in the Synthesis and Application of Carbon-Based Catalysts in the ORR. Electrochem 3, 1–27 (2021).
Google Scholar
Li, X., Li, Z., Orefice, M. & Binnemans, K. Metal Recovery from Spent Samarium–Cobalt Magnets Using a Trichloride Ionic Liquid. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 7, 2578–2584 (2019).
Google Scholar
Falsafi, F. et al. Sm-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: A novel sensing material for conductometric hydrogen leak sensor. Ceram. Int. 43, 1029–1037 (2017).
Google Scholar
Azam, M. U., Tahir, M., Umer, M., Jaffar, M. M. & Nawawi, M. G. M. Engineering approach to enhance photocatalytic water splitting for dynamic H2 production using La2O3/TiO2 nanocatalyst in a monolith photoreactor. Appl. Surf. Sci. 484, 1089–1101 (2019).
Google Scholar
Etacheri, V., Di Valentin, C., Schneider, J., Bahnemann, D. & Pillai, S. C. Visible-light activation of TiO2 photocatalysts: Advances in theory and experiments. J. Photochem. Photobiol., C. 25, 1–29 (2015).
Google Scholar
Nadeem, M. A., Khan, M. A., Ziani, A. A. & Idriss, H. An Overview of the Photocatalytic Water Splitting over Suspended Particles. Catalysts 11, 60 (2021).
Google Scholar
Li, R., Li, T. & Zhou, Q. Impact of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Modification on Its Application to Pollution Treatment—A Review. Catalysts 10, 804 (2020).
Google Scholar
Kochuveedu, S. T. Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting on TiO2 via Photosensitization. J. Nanomaterials. 2016, 1–12 (2016).
Google Scholar
Okura, K., Okanishi, T., Muroyama, H., Matsui, T. & Eguchi, K. Ammonia Decomposition over Nickel Catalysts Supported on Rare-Earth Oxides for the On-Site Generation of Hydrogen. ChemCatChem 8, 2988–2995 (2016).
Google Scholar
Peng, S., Huang, Y. & Li, Y. Rare earth doped TiO2-CdS and TiO2-CdS composites with improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation. Mater. Sci. Semiconduct. Process. 16, 62–69 (2013).
Google Scholar
Fang, X. et al. Effect of rare earth element (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, and Y) on physicochemical properties of the Ni/Ln2Ti2O7 catalysts for the steam reforming of methane. Mol. Catal. 468, 130–138 (2019).
Google Scholar
Rodney, J. D. et al. Boosting overall electrochemical water splitting via rare earth doped cupric oxide nanoparticles obtained by co-precipitation technique. J. Alloys Compd. 921, 165948 (2022).
Google Scholar
Zhao, X., Yin, F., He, X., Chen, B. & Li, G. Enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction activity on cobalt oxide in alkaline electrolyte by doping inactive rare-earth metal. Electrochim. Acta. 363, 137230 (2020).
Google Scholar
Zhang, L., Xia, H., Qiu, Y., Wang, D. & Jiang, H. Preparation and characterization of Y3Al5O12:Ln (Ln = Eu, Ce) phosphor powders by ultrasonic atomization and co-precipitation process. J. Rare Earths. 28, 236–240 (2010).
Google Scholar
Salehabadi, A. et al. Dy3Al2(AlO4)3 ceramic nanogarnets: Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis, characterization and joint experimental and computational structural analysis for electrochemical hydrogen storage performances. J. Alloys Compd. 744, 574–582 (2018).
Google Scholar
Tian, M., Wang, H., Sun, D., Peng, W. & Tao, W. Visible light driven nanocrystal anatase TiO2 doped by Ce from sol–gel method and its photoelectrochemical water splitting properties. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 39, 13448–13453 (2014).
Google Scholar
Khaksar, M. et al. Effect of morphology on the hydrogen storage capacity of sol-gel synthesized Ce-Y-O nanostructures. J. Energy Storage. 64, 107195 (2023).
Google Scholar
Ryczkowski, R. et al. Modification of Ni/ZrO2 catalyst by selected rare earth metals as a promising way for increase in the efficiency of thermocatalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrogen-rich gas. Fuel 276, 118110 (2020).
Google Scholar
Singhania, A. & Bhaskarwar, A. N. Effect of rare earth (RE – La, Pr, Nd) metal-doped ceria nanoparticles on catalytic hydrogen iodide decomposition for hydrogen production. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 43, 4818–4825 (2018).
Google Scholar
Xu, J. et al. In-situ La doped Co3O4 as highly efficient photocatalyst for solar hydrogen generation. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 43, 8674–8682 (2018).
Google Scholar
Nadeem Riaz, K., Yousaf, N., Tahir, B., Israr, M., Iqbal, T. & Z. & Facile hydrothermal synthesis of 3D flower-like La‐MoS2 nanostructure for photocatalytic hydrogen energy production. Int. J. Energy Res. 43, 491–499 (2019).
Google Scholar
Tan, Y. et al. Neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) coupled tubular g-C3N4, an efficient dual-function catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production and NO removal. Sci. Total Environ. 773, 145583 (2021).
Google Scholar
Rodrigues, T. S. et al. Ni supported Ce0.9Sm0.1O2-δ nanowires: An efficient catalyst for ethanol steam reforming for hydrogen production. Fuel 237, 1244–1253 (2019).
Google Scholar
Liu, G. et al. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cd0.5 Zn0.5 S/ZnO Heterojunctions with Controlled pH and Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Activity. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 5, 3502–3513 (2022).
Google Scholar
Gao, J. et al. Performance evaluation of rare earth (La, Ce and Y) modified CoFe2O4 oxygen carriers in chemical looping hydrogen generation from hydrogen-rich syngas. Fuel 326, 124933 (2022).
Google Scholar
Al-Musa, A. et al. Hydrogen production by iso-octane steam reforming over Cu catalysts supported on rare earth oxides (REOs). Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 39, 1350–1363 (2014).
Google Scholar
Zhao, K. et al. Perovskite-type oxides LaFe1–xCoxO3 for chemical looping steam methane reforming to syngas and hydrogen co-production. Appl. Energy. 168, 193–203 (2016).
Google Scholar
Zhao, K. et al. High syngas selectivity and near pure hydrogen production in perovskite oxygen carriers for chemical looping steam methane reforming. Fuel Process. Technol. 236, 107398 (2022).
Google Scholar
Ye, J., Wang, Y. & Liu, Y. NiO-Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 catalysts prepared by citric acid method for steam reforming of ethanol. J. Rare Earths. 26, 831–835 (2008).
Google Scholar
Jiang, C., Loisel, E., Cullen, D. A., Dorman, J. A. & Dooley, K. M. On the enhanced sulfur and coking tolerance of Ni-Co-rare earth oxide catalysts for the dry reforming of methane. J. Catal. 393, 215–229 (2021).
Google Scholar
Kumar, A. & Sinha, A. S. K. Comparative study of hydrogen production from steam reforming of acetic acid over synthesized catalysts via MOF and wet impregnation methods. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 45, 11512–11526 (2020).
Google Scholar
Barroso, M. N., Gomez, M. F., Arrúa, L. A. & Abello, M. C. Co catalysts modified by rare earths (La, Ce or Pr) for hydrogen production from ethanol. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 39, 8712–8719 (2014).
Google Scholar
Kubacka, A., Fernández-García, M. & Martínez-Arias, A. Catalytic hydrogen production through WGS or steam reforming of alcohols over Cu, Ni and Co catalysts. Appl. Catal. A. 518, 2–17 (2016).
Google Scholar
Muñoz, M., Moreno, S. & Molina, R. Promoting effect of Ce and Pr in Co catalysts for hydrogen production via oxidative steam reforming of ethanol. Catal. Today. 213, 33–41 (2013).
Google Scholar
Bao, T. et al. Effect of CeO2 on carbon deposition resistance of Ni/CeO2 catalyst supported on SiC porous ceramic for ethanol steam reforming. J. Rare Earths. 41, 1703–1713 (2023).
Google Scholar
Ali Zadeh Sahraei, O., Larachi, F., Abatzoglou, N., Iliuta, M. C. Hydrogen production by glycerol steam reforming catalyzed by Ni-promoted Fe/Mg-bearing metallurgical wastes. Appl. Catal. B. 219, 183–193 (2017).
Google Scholar
Jun, L. N., Bahari, B. M., Setiabudi, H. D., Jalil, A. A., & Vo, D.-V. N. Greenhouse gas mitigation and hydrogen generation via enhanced ethylene glycol dry reforming on La-promoted Co/Al2O3 catalyst. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 150, 356–364 (2021).
Google Scholar
Braga, A. H. et al. Effects of Co Addition to Supported Ni Catalysts on Hydrogen Production from Oxidative Steam Reforming of Ethanol. Energy Fuels. 32, 12814–12825 (2018).
Google Scholar
Ayodele, B. V., Abdullah, S. B. & Cheng, C. K. Kinetics and mechanistic studies of CO-rich hydrogen production by CH4/CO2 reforming over Praseodymia supported cobalt catalysts. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 42, 28408–28424 (2017).
Google Scholar
Shi, C. et al. Research advances and mechanisms of rare earth-based electrocatalysts for water electrolysis. Chem. Commun. 62, 2110–2132 (2026).
Google Scholar
Liao, Y. et al. Lanthanide-tuned electronic modulation in rare earth-doped NiCo2O4/CP (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Gd) nanosheets for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction. Electrochim. Acta. 551, 148151 (2026).
Google Scholar
Li, D., Guo, H., Wang, H., Pan, L. & Lin, J. Cerium-Doped Nickel Sulfide Nanospheres as Efficient Catalysts for Overall Water Splitting. ChemSusChem 17, e202400751 (2024).
Google Scholar
Akhter, M. et al. Fabrication of rare-earth cerium-doped nickel–copper ferrite as a promising photo-catalyst for congo red-containing wastewater treatment. RSC Adv. 14, 29083–29098 (2024).
Google Scholar
Carmo, M., Fritz, D. L., Mergel, J. & Stolten D. A comprehensive review on PEM water electrolysis. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 38, 4901–4934 (2013).
Google Scholar
Jiang, S. P. Development of lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite perovskite electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells – A review. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 44, 7448–7493 (2019).
Google Scholar
Wu, T., Guo, R., Li, C. & Pan, W. Recent progress of CeO2-based catalysts with special morphologies applied in air pollutants abatement: A review. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 11, 109136 (2023).
Google Scholar
Chen, Z. et al. Waste-Derived Catalysts for Water Electrolysis: Circular Economy-Driven Sustainable Green Hydrogen Energy. Nano-Micro Lett. 15, 4 (2022).
Google Scholar
Huang, Y. et al. Efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution in water/seawater over VC-VO heterostructure with optimized electronic structure and hydrogen adsorption. Nano Mater. Sci. S2589965125000522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.05.007 (2025).
Zhang, F., Wang, Q., Chen, Z. & Lu, S. Atomically dispersed Ru–Co pairs on hollow carbon as robust catalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction. Chem. Commun. 62, 5462–5466 (2026).
Google Scholar
Huo, M. et al. Hexavalent iridium boosts oxygen evolution performance. Green. Carbon. 2, 403–404 (2024).
Google Scholar
Long, Y. et al. Sustainable Plant-Based Electrodes for Electrocatalytic Conversion of Small Molecules: From Biomass to Functional Electrodes. Exploration 20250158. https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20250158 (2026).
Zhao, B. et al. Gadolinium-Induced Activation of CoNiO2 for Efficient Oxygen Evolution: A Structural and Electronic Modulation Approach. Rare Met. 45, e70234 (2026).
Google Scholar
Fang, S. et al. CO2 -Resistant Hydrogen Permeation Membranes Based on Doped Ceria and Nickel. J. Phys. Chem. C. 114, 10986–10991 (2010).
Google Scholar
Haeussler, A., Abanades, S., Jouannaux, J. & Julbe, A. Demonstration of a ceria membrane solar reactor promoted by dual perovskite coatings for continuous and isothermal redox splitting of CO2 and H2O. J. Membr. Sci. 634, 119387 (2021).
Google Scholar
Criscuoli, A., Macedonio, F., Brunetti, A., Tocci, E. & Drioli, E. Impact of membrane engineering on the process engineering progresses: Towards a sustainable development. Chem. Eng. Process. – Process. Intensif. 189, 109385 (2023).
Google Scholar
Zhao, M. et al. Photothermal effect-enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting of a BiVO4 photoanode modified with dual-functional polyaniline. J. Mater. Chem. A. 8, 15976–15983 (2020).
Google Scholar
Abdi, F. F. et al. Efficient solar water splitting by enhanced charge separation in a bismuth vanadate-silicon tandem photoelectrode. Nat. Commun. 4, 2195 (2013).
Google Scholar
Lucas, T. T. A., Melo, M. A., Freitas, A. L. M., Souza, F. L. & Gonçalves, R. V. Enhancing the solar water splitting activity of TiO2 nanotube-array photoanode by surface coating with La-doped SrTiO3. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells. 208, 110428 (2020).
Google Scholar
Peng, Q. et al. Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation by Fabrication of p-LaFeO3 /n-Fe2 O3 Heterojunction on Hematite Nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. C. 121, 12991–12998 (2017).
Google Scholar
Ahmed, M. G., Zhang, M., Tay, Y. F., Chiam, S. Y. & Wong, L. H. Surface Modification of Hematite Photoanodes with CeOx Cocatalyst for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Kinetics. ChemSusChem 13, 5489–5496 (2020).
Google Scholar
Abanades, S. & Flamant, G. Thermochemical hydrogen production from a two-step solar-driven water-splitting cycle based on cerium oxides. Sol. Energy. 80, 1611–1623 (2006).
Google Scholar
Ishida, T., Gokon, N., Hatamachi, T. & Kodama, T. Kinetics of Thermal Reduction Step of Thermochemical Two-step Water Splitting Using CeO2 Particles: MASTER-plot Method for Analyzing Non-isothermal Experiments. Energy Procedia. 49, 1970–1979 (2014).
Google Scholar
Liu, C. et al. Perovskite Oxide Materials for Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production from Water Splitting through Chemical Looping. ACS Catal. 14, 14974–15013 (2024).
Google Scholar
Arribas, L., González-Aguilar, J. & Romero, M. Solar-Driven Thermochemical Water-Splitting by Cerium Oxide: Determination of Operational Conditions in a Directly Irradiated Fixed Bed Reactor. Energies 11, 2451 (2018).
Google Scholar
Boretti, A., Nayfeh, J. & Al-Maaitah, A. Hydrogen Production by Solar Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycle via a Beam Down Concentrator. Front. Energy Res. 9, 666191 (2021).
Google Scholar
Agrafiotis, C. et al. Solar water splitting for hydrogen production with monolithic reactors. Sol. Energy. 79, 409–421 (2005).
Google Scholar
Shimada, H., Fujimaki, Y. & Fujishiro, Y. Highly active and durable La0.4Sr0.6MnO3– and Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 nanocomposite electrode for high-temperature reversible solid oxide electrochemical cells. Ceram. Int. 46, 19617–19623 (2020).
Google Scholar
Cheng, F. et al. Evolution of Sm-Doped Fe2O3 /CeO2 Oxygen Carriers in Chemical Looping Hydrogen Generation. Energy Tech. 9, 2100535 (2021).
Google Scholar
Zhang, J. & Niu, Y. Biomass to hydrogen-rich syngas via tar removal from steam gasification with La1-XCeXFeO3/dolomite as a catalyst. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 47, 21997–22009 (2022).
Google Scholar
Li, X. et al. Pyrolysis of biomass Tar model compound with various Ni-based catalysts: Influence of promoters characteristics on hydrogen-rich gas formation. Energy 244, 123137 (2022).
Google Scholar
Dziva, G., Jia, Z., Xue, Y. & Zeng, L. Hydrogen production from biomass via moving bed sorption-enhanced reforming: Kinetic modeling and process simulation. Fuel 352, 129024 (2023).
Google Scholar
Jiang, H. et al. Enhancing ketones and syngas production by CO2-assisted catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose with the Ce–Co–Na ternary catalyst. Energy 250, 123799 (2022).
Google Scholar
Reuter, M. A., Van Schaik, A., Gutzmer, J. & Bartie, N. Abadías-Llamas, A. Challenges of the Circular Economy: A Material, Metallurgical, and Product Design Perspective. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 49, 253–274 (2019).
Google Scholar
Wang, L., Yu, X., Wei, Y., Liu, J. & Zhao, Z. Research advances of rare earth catalysts for catalytic purification of vehicle exhausts – Commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Academician Guangxian Xu. J. Rare Earths. 39, 1151–1180 (2021).
Google Scholar
Krishna, R., Dhass, A. D., Arya, A., Prasad, R. & Colak, I. An assessment of the strategies for the energy-critical elements necessary for the development of sustainable energy sources. Environ. Sci. Pollut Res. 30, 90276–90297 (2023).
Google Scholar
Schmid, M. Mitigating supply risks through involvement in rare earth projects: Japan’s strategies and what the US can learn. Resour. Policy. 63, 101457 (2019).
Google Scholar
Agaton, C. B., Batac, K. I. T. & Reyes, E. M. Jr. Prospects and challenges for green hydrogen production and utilization in the Philippines. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 47, 17859–17870 (2022).
Google Scholar
Maestre, V. M., Ortiz, A. & Ortiz, I. Challenges and prospects of renewable hydrogen-based strategies for full decarbonization of stationary power applications. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 152, 111628 (2021).
Google Scholar
Haeussler, A. & Abanades, S. Additive manufacturing and two-step redox cycling of ordered porous ceria structures for solar-driven thermochemical fuel production. Chem. Eng. Sci. 246, 116999 (2021).
Google Scholar
Nguyen, V. G. et al. Recent advances in hydrogen production from biomass waste with a focus on pyrolysis and gasification. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 54, 127–160 (2024).
Google Scholar
Heidrich, O. et al. A Decision-Support Tool to Illustrate and Assess the Supply and Value Chain for the Energy Transition. Sustainability 14, 7120 (2022).
Google Scholar
Pafili, A. et al. Recent Progress in the Steam Reforming of Bio-Oil for Hydrogen Production: A Review of Operating Parameters, Catalytic Systems and Technological Innovations. Catalysts 11, 1526 (2021).
Google Scholar
Balaram, V. Rare earth elements: A review of applications, occurrence, exploration, analysis, recycling, and environmental impact. Geosci. Front. 10, 1285–1303 (2019).
Google Scholar
Escudero, A. et al. Rare earth based nanostructured materials: synthesis, functionalization, properties and bioimaging and biosensing applications. Nanophotonics 6, 881–921 (2017).
Google Scholar
Chen, Z. et al. Upcycling of plastic wastes for hydrogen production: Advances and perspectives. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 195, 114333 (2024).
Google Scholar
Chen, Z. et al. Co-valorization of plastic and battery waste into a borate-engineered NiCo catalyst for urea-assisted hydrogen production. Chem. Circularity. 100008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.checir.2026.100008 (2026).
Zhao, X. et al. Dual-Engineered Electrocatalyst: Work‐Function‐Driven Electronic Reconfiguration and Self‐Sacrifice Nanorod‐Templated Nanoflowers of Ni3S2 /MoS2 Heterojunctions for High‐Performance Hydrogen Evolution. Rare Met. 45, e70344 (2026).
Google Scholar
Zhang, H. et al. Efficient and Durable Sulfion Oxidation Coupled With Hydrogen Production via Cu@Cu2S Heterostructured Nanowires. Carbon Energy e70249. https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70249 (2026).
Chen, Z. et al. Reconstructed anti-corrosive and active surface on hierarchically porous carbonized wood for efficient overall seawater electrolysis. Sci. Bull. 69, 2337–2341 (2024).
Google Scholar
Yildirim, H., Engintepe, E., Akin, A. N. & Duman, S. Hydrogen production via methanolysis of sodium borohydride using La2O3 and La2O2CO3 nanowire catalysts. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 218, 154024 (2026).
Google Scholar
Khan, W. U. et al. Synthesis of lanthanum oxide supported transition metal-based catalysts for clean hydrogen production: The role of reducibility. Catal. Today. 453, 115277 (2025).
Google Scholar
Hart, A., Patel, H., Yildirir, E. & Onwudili, J. A. Influence of surface acidity/basicity of selected metal oxide catalysts and reaction atmospheres on the ketonisation of propionic acid to produce 3-pentanone as a liquid biofuel precursor. Renew. Energy. 250, 123386 (2025).
Google Scholar
Yang, J. et al. Oxygen Vacancies and Lewis Acid Sites Synergistically Promoted Catalytic Methane Combustion over Perovskite Oxides. Environ. Sci. Technol. 55, 9243–9254 (2021).
Google Scholar
Kusakabe, K., Fumio, S., Eda, T., Oda, M. & Sotowa, K. Hydrogen production in zirconia membrane reactors for use in PEM fuel cells. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 30, 989–994 (2005).
Google Scholar
Kim, S. K. et al. Understanding the phase stability of yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte under solid oxide electrolysis cell operation conditions. J. Mater. Chem. A. 12, 8319–8330 (2024).
Google Scholar
Ou, Z., Ran, J., Qiu, H., Huang, X. & Qin, C. Uncovering the effect of surface basicity on the carbon deposition of Ni/CeO2 catalyst modified by oxides in DRM. Fuel 335, 126994 (2023).
Google Scholar
Liu, F., Zhao, L., Wang, H., Bai, X. & Liu, Y. Study on the preparation of Ni–La–Ce oxide catalyst for steam reforming of ethanol. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 39, 10454–10466 (2014).
Google Scholar
Liu, F. et al. Y2O3/La2O3 electron modulation engineering of Co site for boosting oxygen electrocatalysis. Chem. Eng. J. 524, 169780 (2025).
Google Scholar
Ozawa, Y. Stabilizing effect of Nd2O3, La2O3 and ZrO2 on Pt·PdO/Al2O3 during catalytic combustion of methane. Appl. Catal. A. 258, 261–267 (2004).
Google Scholar
Ahmad, I., Shukrullah, S., Naz, M. Y. & Bhatti, H. N. Synergistic effect of doping-induced oxygen vacancies, in-built Tb4+/Tb3+ redox centers and heterojunction on the photocatalytic activity of Sm-doped ZnO/Y-doped Tb2O3 for H2 evolution. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 48, 29485–29496 (2023).
Google Scholar
Fan, Y. et al. Defect engineering of transition metal oxides and synergistic interaction of two-dimensional conducting metal–organic frameworks for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Sep. Purif. Technol. 354, 128832 (2025).
Google Scholar
Mahalik, R. R. et al. REMnO3 (RE = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) perovskite as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. J. Rare Earths. 42, 2078–2087 (2024).
Google Scholar
Cai, L. et al. Sm-doped ceria asymmetric membrane reactors for hydrogen production through water splitting. J. Membr. Sci. 734, 124448 (2025).
Google Scholar
Wang, X., Tang, Y., Lee, J. M. & Fu, G. Recent advances in rare-earth-based materials for electrocatalysis. Chem. Catal. 2, 967–1008 (2022).
Google Scholar
Zeng, M. & Li, Y. Recent advances in heterogeneous electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. J. Mater. Chem. A. 3, 14942–14962 (2015).
Google Scholar
Zeng, Z. et al. Rare-earth-containing perovskite nanomaterials: design, synthesis, properties and applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 49, 1109–1143 (2020).
Google Scholar
Chen, J. et al. Recent progress in mixed rare earth metal-organic frameworks: From synthesis to application. Coord. Chem. Rev. 485, 215121 (2023).
Google Scholar
